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COVID-19 Fast Facts
- What is COVID-19?
- What Precautions should I take?
- What's the deal about facemask & gloves?
- Isolation, Quarantine, or Self-monitoring?
- What do I need to know about testing?
- I've tested positive, now what?
- NC LINKS Youth COVID Resources
- Check My Symptoms Online
- Vaccine Fact Sheets
- Johnson & Johnson Vaccine
What are coronaviruses? What is COVID-19?
CDC Link to COVID-19 Information
Coronaviruses are a large group of viruses that can cause illness in animals and humans. Some coronaviruses commonly circulate in the United States, and usually cause upper respiratory symptoms such as cough or runny nose, although some can cause more serious illness. The 2019 novel (new) coronavirus causes the illness COVID-19. First identified in Wuhan, China, and is now being spread throughout the world. People are encouraged to take common-sense precautions to prevent the spread of all infectious diseases.
How does COVID-19 spread?
CDC Link to Preventing COVID-19 Spread in Communities
Coronaviruses, like COVID-19, are most often spread through the air by coughing or sneezing, through close personal contact (including touching and shaking hands) or through touching your nose, mouth or eyes before washing your hands.
Help up prevent the spread of such a virus:
- Keeping your child home if they have had a fever, used fever-reducing medication, or experienced symptoms of illness within the past 24 hours
- Stay home when you are sick with a fever, using fever-reducing medication, or experiencing symptoms of illness within the last 24 hours
- Clean and disinfect frequently touched objects and surfaces using a regular household cleaning spray or wipe
- If soap and water are not readily available, use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol
- Wear a cloth face covering when out in public
What are the Symptoms?
People with COVID-19 have had a wide range of symptoms reported – ranging from mild symptoms to severe illness.
Symptoms may appear 2-14 days after exposure to the virus. People with these symptoms may have COVID-19:
- Cough
- Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
- Fever
- Chills
- Muscle pain
- Sore throat
- New loss of taste or smell
This list is not all possible symptoms. Other less common symptoms have been reported, including gastrointestinal symptoms like nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea.
What precautions should I take?
Take the same precautions that you would use for the seasonal flu (influenza).
- Wash hands frequently with soap and water for at least 20 seconds
- If soap and water are not readily available, use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol
- Avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth with unwashed hands
- Avoid close contact with people who are sick
- Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when you cough or sneeze
- Do not reuse tissue after coughing, sneezing or blowing your nose; throw it in the trash, not your pocket
- Clean and disinfect surfaces that are frequently touched such as doorknobs, computer, laptops, and cell phones
- Wear a face covering when out in public
- For the general public, CDC recommends wearing gloves when you are cleaning or caring for someone who is sick.
Who is considered a high-risk individual?
- People age 65 and older
- People who live in a nursing home or long-term care facility
- Other high-risk conditions include:
People with chronic lung disease or moderate to severe asthma
People who have heart disease with complications
People who are immunocompromised including cancer treatment
People of any age with severe obesity (body mass index greater than 40) or certain underlying medical conditions, particularly if not well controlled, such as those with diabetes, renal failure, or liver disease might also be at risk
CDC’s recommends using a facemask:
- It is recommended to wear cloth face coverings in public settings where other social distancing measures are difficult to maintain (e.g., grocery stores and pharmacies), especially in areas of significant community-based transmission.
- CDC also advises the use of simple cloth face coverings to slow the spread of the virus and help people who may have the virus and do not know it from transmitting it to others. Cloth face coverings fashioned from household items or made at home from common materials at low cost can be used as an additional, voluntary public health measure.
- Cloth face coverings should not be placed on young children under age 2, anyone who has trouble breathing, or is unconscious, incapacitated, or otherwise unable to remove the mask without assistance.
- The cloth face coverings recommended are not surgical masks or N-95 respirators. Those are critical supplies that must continue to be reserved for healthcare workers and other medical first responders, as recommended by current CDC guidance.
Cloth face coverings should:
- fit snugly but comfortably against the side of the face
- be secured with ties or ear loops
- include multiple layers of fabric
- allow for breathing without restriction
- be able to be laundered and machine dried without damage or change to the shape
How to sew or make a cloth face covering?
When should I wear gloves?
For the general public, CDC recommends wearing gloves when you are cleaning or caring for someone who is sick.
In most other situations, like running errands, wearing gloves is not necessary. Instead, practice everyday preventive actions like keeping social distance (at least 6 feet) from others, washing your hands with soap and water for 20 seconds (or using a hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol), and wearing a cloth face covering when you have to go out in public.
cleaning iconWhen cleaning:
When you are routinely cleaning and disinfecting your home.
- Follow precautions listed on the disinfectant product label, which may include-
- wearing gloves (reusable or disposable) and
- having good ventilation by turning on a fan or opening a window to get fresh air into the room you’re cleaning.
- Wash your hands after you have removed the gloves.
bed iconWhen caring for someone who is sick:
If you are providing care to someone who is sick at home or in another non-healthcare setting
- Use disposable gloves when cleaning and disinfecting the area around the person who is sick or other surfaces that may be frequently touched in the home.
- Use disposable gloves when touching or having contact with blood, stool, or body fluids, such as saliva, mucus, vomit, and urine.
- After using disposable gloves, throw them out in a lined trash can. Do not disinfect or reuse the gloves.
- Wash your hands after you have removed the gloves.
shopping cart iconWhen gloves aren’t needed
Wearing gloves outside of these instances (for example, when using a shopping cart or using an ATM) will not necessarily protect you from getting COVID-19 and may still lead to the spread of germs. The best way to protect yourself from germs when running errands and after going out is to regularly wash your hands with soap and water for 20 seconds or use hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol.
hands wash icon
How to sew or make a cloth face covering?
When should I wear gloves?
For the general public, CDC recommends wearing gloves when you are cleaning or caring for someone who is sick.
In most other situations, like running errands, wearing gloves is not necessary. Instead, practice everyday preventive actions like keeping social distance (at least 6 feet) from others, washing your hands with soap and water for 20 seconds (or using a hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol), and wearing a cloth face covering when you have to go out in public.
When cleaning:
When you are routinely cleaning and disinfecting your home.
- Follow precautions listed on the disinfectant product label, which may include-
- wearing gloves (reusable or disposable) and
- having good ventilation by turning on a fan or opening a window to get fresh air into the room you’re cleaning.
- Wash your hands after you have removed the gloves.
When caring for someone who is sick:
If you are providing care to someone who is sick at home or in another non-healthcare setting
- Use disposable gloves when cleaning and disinfecting the area around the person who is sick or other surfaces that may be frequently touched in the home.
- Use disposable gloves when touching or having contact with blood, stool, or body fluids, such as saliva, mucus, vomit, and urine.
- After using disposable gloves, throw them out in a lined trash can. Do not disinfect or reuse the gloves.
- Wash your hands after you have removed the gloves.
When gloves aren’t needed
Wearing gloves outside of these instances (for example, when using a shopping cart or using an ATM) will not necessarily protect you from getting COVID-19 and may still lead to the spread of germs. The best way to protect yourself from germs when running errands and after going out is to regularly wash your hands with soap and water for 20 seconds or use hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol.
You've probably heard the words isolation, quarantine and self-monitor in the news or on social media when talking about the Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). You may be confused about the various words and wonder what they mean.
These words describe the way to limit the spread of disease during epidemics and pandemics:
- Social distancing. Keeping space between yourself and other people outside your household to prevent the spread of disease.
- Quarantine. Separating people and limiting movement of people who have or may have been exposed to the disease to see if they become ill.
- Isolation. Separating people who are ill from others who are not ill to keep the disease from spreading.
- Direct Contact. Being exposed to a person that has tested positive for COVID-19. You should consider yourself positive and quarantine for 14 days.
- Indirect Contact. No contact with a COVID positive person. Does not need to quarantine, self-isolate, or be tested. You are not considered exposed to COVID-19 if you have been near a positive person's relative or significant other.
Social distancing
This is physically distancing yourself from others by at least 6 feet away from others who don't live with you. Avoid large groups of people.
Quarantine
Sometimes providers may ask or require people before they feel ill or have symptoms to stay home or at a specific facility if they might have been exposed to COVID-19 or had direct contact with someone positive with COVID-19. This will help stop the spread of the disease.
- Stay home for 14 days
- Watch for common signs and symptoms, such as fever, cough, or shortness of breath
- Keep distance (6 feet) between yourself and others
- Stay away from other people as much as possible, especially people at high risk of serious illness
- Wear a mask if contact with other people can't be avoided
- Isolate yourself in your home if you feel ill
- Call your doctor if symptoms worsen
Isolation
Providers can and will ask that people to go into isolation that has the COVID-19 virus or have symptoms of the virus. People who test positive without symptoms or with mild symptoms will also be asked to self-isolate themselves in their homes. Hospitals have isolation units for those who are very sick.
- Stay away from family members and pets
- Wear a mask if you are near others
- Avoid sharing dishes, glasses, bedding and other household items
- Use a separate bedroom and bathroom if you can
Two kinds of tests for COVID-19: viral tests and antibody tests.
- A viral test tells you if you have a current infection.
- An antibody test might tell you if you had a past infection. An antibody test might not show if you have a current infection because it can take 1–3 weeks after infection for your body to make antibodies. Having antibodies to the virus that causes COVID-19 might provide protection from getting infected with the virus again. If it does, we do not know how much protection the antibodies might provide or how long this protection might last.
If you test positive or negative for COVID-19 on a viral or an antibody test, you still should take preventive measures to protect yourself and others.
What do the results mean?
If you test positive for COVID-19 by a viral test, know what protective steps to take if you are sick or caring for someone.
- Most people have mild illness and can recover at home without medical care. Contact your healthcare provider if your symptoms are getting worse or if you have questions about your health.
If you test negative for COVID-19 by a viral test, you probably were not infected at the time your sample was collected. However, that does not mean you will not get sick. The test result only means that you did not have COVID-19 at the time of testing. You might test negative if the sample was collected early in your infection and test positive later during your illness. You could also be exposed to COVID-19 after the test and get infected then.
How to get tested for current COVID-19 infection?
- If you have symptoms of COVID-19 and want to get tested, call your healthcare provider first. You must have a referral to be tested. They will also tell you where to go to get tested.
- If you have symptoms of COVID-19 and are not tested, it is important to stay home. Learn what to do if you are sick.
Direct exposure should consider themselves positive and quarantine for 14 days. Direct exposure means that someone has had direct contact with the person that is positive not the person's girlfriend or family member but the person that is positive. Indirect contact does not need to test.
Don't have a primary doctor to get a referral?
Health Department can do referrals for those people that do not have a primary doctor. If you have a primary doctor you need to call that doctor for a referral. Otherwise, call the Richmond County Hotline 910-417-4947. If you are getting a referral from the Richmond County Health Department you need to wait on the nurse to call you back before going to the testing site because the referral can take several hours to go through the system.
Steps to help prevent the spread of COVID-19 if you are sick
If you are sick with COVID-19 or think you might have COVID-19, follow the steps below to care for yourself, and to help protect other people in your home and community.
Stay home except to get medical care
- Stay home. Most people with COVID-19 have mild illness and can recover at home without medical care. Do not leave your home, except to get medical care. Do not visit public areas.
- Take care of yourself. Get rest and stay hydrated. Take over-the-counter medicines, such as acetaminophen, to help you feel better.
- Stay in touch with your doctor. Call before you get medical care. Be sure to get care if you have trouble breathing, or have any other emergency warning signs, or if you think it is an emergency.
- Avoid public transportation, ride-sharing, or taxis.
Separate yourself from other people
As much as possible, stay in a specific room and away from other people and pets in your home. If possible, you should use a separate bathroom. If you need to be around other people or animals in or outside of the home, wear a cloth face covering.
- Additional guidance is available for those living in close quarters and shared housing.
- See COVID-19 and Animals if you have questions about pets.
Monitor your symptoms
- Symptoms of COVID-19 include fever, cough, or other symptoms.
- Follow care instructions from your healthcare provider and local health department. Your local health authorities may give instructions on checking your symptoms and reporting information.
Look for emergency warning signs* for COVID-19. If someone is showing any of these signs, seek emergency medical care immediately:
- Trouble breathing
- Persistent pain or pressure in the chest
- New confusion
- Inability to wake or stay awake
- Bluish lips or face
*This list is not all possible symptoms. Please call your medical provider for any other symptoms that are severe or concerning to you.
Call 911 or call ahead to your local emergency facility: Notify the operator that you are seeking care for someone who has or may have COVID-19.
mobile light iconCall ahead before visiting your doctor
- Call ahead. Many medical visits for routine care are being postponed or done by phone or telemedicine.
- If you have a medical appointment that cannot be postponed, call your doctor’s office, and tell them you have or may have COVID-19. This will help the office protect themselves and other patients.
If you are sick, wear a cloth covering over your nose and mouth
- You should wear a cloth face covering, over your nose and mouth if you must be around other people or animals, including pets (even at home).
- You don’t need to wear the cloth face covering if you are alone. If you can’t put on a cloth face covering (because of trouble breathing, for example), cover your coughs and sneezes in some other way. Try to stay at least 6 feet away from other people. This will help protect the people around you.
- Cloth face coverings should not be placed on young children under age 2 years, anyone who has trouble breathing, or anyone who is not able to remove the covering without help.
Note: During the COVID-19 pandemic, medical-grade facemasks are reserved for healthcare workers and some first responders. You may need to make a cloth face-covering using a scarf or bandana.
box tissue light iconCover your coughs and sneezes
- Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when you cough or sneeze.
- Throw away used tissues in a lined trash can.
- Immediately wash your hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds. If soap and water are not available, clean your hands with an alcohol-based hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol.
Clean your hands often
- Wash your hands often with soap and water for at least 20 seconds. This is especially important after blowing your nose, coughing, or sneezing; going to the bathroom; and before eating or preparing food.
- Use hand sanitizer if soap and water are not available. Use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol, covering all surfaces of your hands and rubbing them together until they feel dry.
- Soap and water are the best options, especially if hands are visibly dirty.
- Avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth with unwashed hands.
- Handwashing Tips
Avoid sharing personal household items
- Do not share dishes, drinking glasses, cups, eating utensils, towels, or bedding with other people in your home.
- Wash these items thoroughly after using them with soap and water or put in the dishwasher.
Clean all “high-touch” surfaces every day
- Clean and disinfect high-touch surfaces in your “sick room” and bathroom; wear disposable gloves. Let someone else clean and disinfect surfaces in common areas, but you should clean your bedroom and bathroom, if possible.
- If a caregiver or other person needs to clean and disinfect a sick person’s bedroom or bathroom, they should do so on an as-needed basis. The caregiver/other people should wear a mask and disposable gloves prior to cleaning. They should wait as long as possible after the person who is sick has used the bathroom before coming in to clean and use the bathroom.
High-touch surfaces include phones, remote controls, counters, tabletops, doorknobs, bathroom fixtures, toilets, keyboards, tablets, and bedside tables.
- Clean and disinfect areas that may have blood, stool, or body fluids on them.
- Use household cleaners and disinfectants. Clean the area or item with soap and water or another detergent if it is dirty. Then, use a household disinfectant.
- Be sure to follow the instructions on the label to ensure the safe and effective use of the product. Many products recommend keeping the surface wet for several minutes to ensure germs are killed. Many also recommend precautions such as wearing gloves and making sure you have good ventilation during the use of the product.
- Most EPA-registered household disinfectants should be effective. A full list of disinfectants can be found hereexternal icon.
NC LINKS can help.
NC LINKS, a program of the North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services, serves youth and young adults between 13 and 21 years of age who are or have been in foster care to assist with education, employment, pregnancy prevention, and other activities.
More information and resources about COVID-19 can be found here https://covid19.ncdhhs.gov/.
SIX RESOURCES NC LINKS YOUTH SHOULD KNOW ABOUT
1. Supplemental Foster Care COVID-19 Payments
- Young adults in Foster Care 18 to 21 will receive an additional $100 a month for April, May, and June.
- This money is sent the same way as regular monthly foster care payments, for example:
- If you receive your payment directly, then the $100 will come directly to you.
- If you are not receiving your payment directly, then the $100 will be made to the same person the regular monthly payment goes to.
2. Additional LINKS Transitional and Housing Funds
- If you are between the ages of 18 and 21 and in the Foster Care 18-21 program you are eligible for LINKS Transitional and Housing funds to assist with rent, rent deposits, room and board, and other transitional costs.
- If you are between ages 18 and 21 and are not in the Foster Care 18 to 21 program you are eligible for funding and supports through NC LINKS and may be eligible for additional supports if you have been impacted by COVID-19.
3. Pandemic-Electronic Benefit Transfer (P-EBT)
- The P-EBT helped families and congregate care settings purchase food during the pandemic. Benefits are also available for children and youth in foster care.
- If you are still in high school, in foster care, and under 18, this benefit is provided to your placement.
- If you are still in high school and in Foster Care 18 to 21 you may receive this benefit directly.
- These benefits are automatically provided and there is no need to apply. For additional information, please refer to: https://www.covid19.ncdhhs.gov/information/human-services/pandemic-electronic-benefit-transfer-p-ebt-program.
4. Foster Care to Success
- The Education and Training Voucher (ETV) and NC Reach Programs: Continue to provide outreach and support services. There are limited resources available for emergency use. If you are receiving ETV or NC Reach funds, please reach out to your coordinator for support.
- https://www.fc2sprograms.org
5. NC 2-1-1 North Carolina’s COVID Information Hub
- NC 2-1-1 is an information and referral service for free and confidential information, including food access, mental/physical health needs, housing resources, and other community resources.
- https://www.nc211.org/coronavirus-covid-19
6. Assurance Wireless
- Assurance Wireless is a Federal Lifeline Assistance program that can help eligible low-income individuals receive free data, unlimited texting, free monthly minutes, and a free phone.
- https://www.assurancewireless.com
Please contact your county LINKS Coordinator at https://www.ncdhhs.gov/divisions/social-services/local-dss-directory
or
Erin Conner, NC LINKS Coordinator at erin.conner@dhhs.nc.gov
CHECK MY SYMPTOMS
Use the above link to see if your symptoms need to be tested for the COVID-19 virus.
What are the Symptoms?
People with COVID-19 have had a wide range of symptoms reported – ranging from mild symptoms to severe illness.
Symptoms may appear 2-14 days after exposure to the virus. People with these symptoms may have COVID-19:
- Cough
- Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
- Fever
- Chills
- Muscle pain
- Sore throat
- New loss of taste or smell
This list is not all possible symptoms. Other less common symptoms have been reported, including gastrointestinal symptoms like nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea.
Please use these links to view, download, or print the fact sheets concerning the three available COVID-19 vaccines.
Johnson & Johnson/Janssen Fact Sheet (The J&J vaccine has been paused for further testing.)
Updated on April 13, 2021
Why is the J&J vaccine on pause?
The CDC and the FDA are recommending a pause in the use of the Johnson & Johnson (J&J) COVID-19 vaccine to allow researchers at both agencies time to better understand a small number of reported cases of women developing a rare clotting disorder after receiving the vaccine. As of April 13, 6.8 million doses of the J&J vaccine have been administered and six cases of blood clots have been reported. All six known cases have occurred in women between the ages of 18 and 48, within six to 13 days of receiving the vaccine.
The CDC and the FDA are recommending a pause in the use of the Johnson & Johnson (J&J) COVID-19 vaccine to allow researchers at both agencies time to better understand a small number of reported cases of women developing a rare clotting disorder after receiving the vaccine. As of April 13, 6.8 million doses of the J&J vaccine have been administered and six cases of blood clots have been reported. All six known cases have occurred in women between the ages of 18 and 48, within six to 13 days of receiving the vaccine.
Added April 13, 2021
If I’ve received the J&J vaccine, what should I do?
The purpose of the pause in the vaccine’s use is to determine if there’s any association, and the strength of the possible association, between the vaccine, the health of the six affected women, and the clotting disorder. Having this information will help screen patients. Also, to be reviewed is what about the vaccine may have caused the disorder. According to the CDC, the number of cases at this point is too small to determine specific risk factors that might predispose someone to the clotting problem.
This clotting issue is very rare; fewer than one in 1 million people have experienced it after receiving the J&J shot.
The great majority of people who have received the J&J vaccine have not experienced any harmful side effects. According to the CDC, if you received your shot over a month ago your risk is very low and you don’t need to take any specific action. If you have concerns, consult your doctor.
If you received the J&J vaccine within the last month and develop any of the following symptoms within three weeks of receiving your shot, you should contact your doctor or seek medical treatment: severe headache, blurred vision, fainting, seizures, abdominal pain, leg pain or shortness of breath. Mild fever, mild headache, fatigue, and joint or muscle pain after vaccination are routine and typically go away within two to three days.
The purpose of the pause in the vaccine’s use is to determine if there’s any association, and the strength of the possible association, between the vaccine, the health of the six affected women, and the clotting disorder. Having this information will help screen patients. Also, to be reviewed is what about the vaccine may have caused the disorder. According to the CDC, the number of cases at this point is too small to determine specific risk factors that might predispose someone to the clotting problem.
This clotting issue is very rare; fewer than one in 1 million people have experienced it after receiving the J&J shot.
The great majority of people who have received the J&J vaccine have not experienced any harmful side effects. According to the CDC, if you received your shot over a month ago your risk is very low and you don’t need to take any specific action. If you have concerns, consult your doctor.
If you received the J&J vaccine within the last month and develop any of the following symptoms within three weeks of receiving your shot, you should contact your doctor or seek medical treatment: severe headache, blurred vision, fainting, seizures, abdominal pain, leg pain or shortness of breath. Mild fever, mild headache, fatigue, and joint or muscle pain after vaccination are routine and typically go away within two to three days.
Added April 13, 2021
What does the J&J pause mean for the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines?
The Pfizer and Moderna vaccines are continuing to be administered and continue to show very strong safety and efficacy. The Pfizer and Moderna vaccines are both mRNA technology vaccines. The J&J vaccine uses a different technology called vector vaccine.
As of April 13, many more people have safely received the Pfizer vaccine (36 million people fully vaccinated) and the Moderna vaccine (31 million people fully vaccinated) than people who have received the J&J vaccine (6.8 million doses administered). This greater experience with the Pfizer and Moderna shots provides more data on their safety and more reason to be confident about their continued use.
Furthermore, this pause in the use of the J&J vaccine means that the vaccine safety monitoring system is working. Responding to the pandemic has required many difficult decisions on the part of federal experts. They are working to balance vaccine safety while also vaccinating Americans as quickly as possible.
The Pfizer and Moderna vaccines are continuing to be administered and continue to show very strong safety and efficacy. The Pfizer and Moderna vaccines are both mRNA technology vaccines. The J&J vaccine uses a different technology called vector vaccine.
As of April 13, many more people have safely received the Pfizer vaccine (36 million people fully vaccinated) and the Moderna vaccine (31 million people fully vaccinated) than people who have received the J&J vaccine (6.8 million doses administered). This greater experience with the Pfizer and Moderna shots provides more data on their safety and more reason to be confident about their continued use.
Furthermore, this pause in the use of the J&J vaccine means that the vaccine safety monitoring system is working. Responding to the pandemic has required many difficult decisions on the part of federal experts. They are working to balance vaccine safety while also vaccinating Americans as quickly as possible.
Added April 13, 2021
What will happen next with the J&J vaccine?
The CDC and FDA have called for this pause in an “abundance of caution.” They will continue to review the known cases of the clotting disorder and make further recommendations soon. CDC officials have said that the pause is intended to allow time to learn more about the clotting issue and share information with health care providers to help them recognize and treat the clotting problem.
The CDC and FDA have called for this pause in an “abundance of caution.” They will continue to review the known cases of the clotting disorder and make further recommendations soon. CDC officials have said that the pause is intended to allow time to learn more about the clotting issue and share information with health care providers to help them recognize and treat the clotting problem.